Tunnel-kiln for baking pottery.



2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

Patented Aug. 30, 1910.

xnxx smi S. VINART-MUZIN.

TUNNEL KILN TOR BAKING POTTERY.

APPLICATION FILED PEB. 10, 1908. 969,125

' mamey S. VINCART-MOUZIN. TUNNEL KILN PoR BAKING POTTERY.'

APPLIGATION FILED FEB. l0, 1908.

Patented Aug. 3o, 1910.l

2. SHEETS-SHEET 2.

Witnesses- Inwntor Attorney.

f To all whom it my concern:

SYLVAIN VINCART-MOUZIN, OF NIMY, BELGIUM.

TUNNEL-RIEN Fon BAKING POTTERY.

Specification of Letters Patent.l Patented-Aug'. 30, 1910i Application filed February 10, 1908. Serial No. 415,160.

Be-'it known that I, SYLVAIN VINoAnT- 'Mouzim a subject of the King of Belgium,

residing at Niiuy, Belgiunn have invented a certain new and useful Tunnel-Kiln for Baklllg Pottery, of which the following 1s a l specification.

The present invention relates to a kiln in which pottery and porcelain-ware and the like, which must not be exposed directly to the tire gases, can be baked in continuous working. Y

In the arrangement, according to the present invention, the employment of special capsules for protecting' the wares to be baked against the action of the fire gases is avoided. This has been accomplished` essentially lby providing double walls for the kilnchamber proper, namely by building into the oven, beneath its ceiling, an intermediate ceiling and also at each of thesides an interate ceiling,

mediate wall extending up to the intermediso that only the hollow space which surrounds the kiln-chamber proper at the sides and top is traversed by the heating gases. ln the kiln tunnel, cars, movably mounted on balls, are provided to serve for the reception of the wares to be baked.

The outer walls of the kiln are oi considerable thickness so as to present a considerable resistance to the outward passage of the heat. These walls consist of reproot blocks capable of withstanding a temperature of 200()o Celsius, while the intermediate walls and the intermediate ceiling consist of thin slabs joined together in such a manner vthat the slabs may easily be exchanged during the working and offer a very small resistance to the passage of the heat to the interior chamber of the kiln. The substructure which serves for the support of .the intermediate wall is not subjected to the direct influence of the re gases.

1 A tight and yet expansible union between the slabs forming the intermediate partition, and the brick-work supporting the' slabs is vobtained by the provision of grooves filled with sand into which project the suitably4 shaped edges of the. slabs. This arran ement makes it possible for the slabs, subJected to the highest heat, to expand freely so that their life is prolonged considerably. Thel wall of brick-work which supports the slabs is provided with the same grooves forthe -full length 'of the intermediate lining so as to, make the sand sea-l continuous by thense of the said grooves. t'

The cars serving for the reception the Wares to be baked are movably mounted means of siiitablyvshaped blocks or:

wit-hin the tunnel-,kiln in such manner that the wares come as near as possible to the .intermediate wall of the heating chamber, as the intensity of the radiating heat, .as i's well known', is inversely proportional to the squares ofthe distances. In the accompanying drawings Figure '1' is a vertical `longitudinal section of the coin-A plete kiln plant. Fig'. `2 is a verticalf crosssection on the line V lV of-Fig. 1,- ad line II-II of Fig. 5, .through thecentral'oven showing the entra-nceof the gas. a sectional plan through'the air chambers (10). Fig. 4 is a sect-ion of the ovens inperspe'ct-ive. Fig. 5 is a sectional plan through the combustion chambers, and showing to the right andto the left the two parallel rows of cars. Fig. 6 is a vertical section on the. line VI-VI of Fig. 5. l

The exchangeable slabs of which the intermediate ceiling is composed are indicated by l, and. they are arranged with their edges bythe columns 2. The columns 2 are placed between the two rows of cars (Fig.l 2). The channels 13 may also be'supported by short columns or supports disposed upon the thick lower walls of the kiln. The slabs 'of the'intermedia-te wall are 'arranged with their,

lower edgesresting in sand channels `upon the thick lower walls `of the kiln and are suitably arranged'to lit with each other and with the slabs Aot' the intermediate wallin themanner of tiles. Running upon balls 3 the cars 5 are provided according to a known Figs is.'

arrangement to-pass in opposite directionsin two rows in th'c` same tunnel. These two rows of cars moving in oppositedirctions providea perfect exchange of heat between the objects destined to be baked andthose which have undergonethe baking.

The gases leave the generator and enter the central portion or chamber of 'the kiln by the conduit 8. They reach at the point in the channels 13 full of. sand, supported indicated 11, four entrance orifiees'for er n".

warm air and combustion takes place'atl this point. The flaming gases traversethe een# vtral part of the kiln and dividing into two parts, proceed, one part to theright end of the kiln, the other to the opposite end, assing through the conduits which are p aced so as to present a tortuous passage. The products of combustion escape by the fines 4, and the heat passing through the walls of the flue's 4 is absorbed by 'the air'in the passages 10 advancing in the opposite direction.

` As shown in Fig. 3, the passages 10 are placed i`n a winding manner above the combustion chambers 9, and receive the heat which passes through the arches G, thecontinual cooling effect dn'eto the circulaticz'i of air in the passages 10, having the eiect of prolonging the lifeof Athearches. Asshown in Figs. 2and 5, all of the combustion chambers 9, are, for the ,reasons statedlined or inclosed bythe air passages 10.

Though the plates l of the intermediate ceiling or inner lining are subjected to a very high temperature their life is pro- .longed by reason of the fact that they are cooled on one side by radiation to the articles to be baked which pass through the kiln tunnel upon the cars.

Under the kiln at the center there is provided an open space-7 for the purpose 'of observation of the operations.

In the ordinaryl construction of a baking kiln with double walls, the combustion passages in which the, fiames circulate are tormedby a series of parallel walls depending from the external arch or kiln ceiling. These walls are intended to support thin plates protecting the articles to be treated .from the direct action of the flames continually circulating between these walls, they -are between two fires, and soon perish, if the temperature .rlses very much. I there.

fore omit these walls, ofiwhichthe destruction is inevitable, and replace them, by the supports 2 placed below the inner lining or ceiling 1. and in the same space as the article. ro be baked. 'Lhesupports are thus screened from the flames and the kiln chambers in consequence are capable of resistingA partment -and combustion "compartments,

supports having sand-sealing channels to conveying heated air to support combus i tion in said combustion compartments.

2. A tunnel kiln especially for baking 'lov clay, porcelain and glazed wares in 1minterrupted working, the combinati-on of supporting walls of the kiln chamber, channels filled with sand mounted on the supporting walls, slabs, forming partitions, -said-slabs dipping with their edges' into the channels' .and dividing the kiln chamber into two compartments,the upper one receiving the heating gases, while the-lower one receives the goods upon carriers, capable of ruiming through the lower compartment of the kiln chamber, and balls upon which said carriers are mounted, substantially asdescribed.

3. A tunnel kiln especially for baking clay, porcelain land glazed wares in uninterrupted `working, the combination of supporting walls of the kiln chamber, channels filled with sand -and mounted on the supporting'walls, slabs, forming partitions, said slabs dipping with their edges into the chann'els and dividing the kiln chamber into two compartments, the upper one receiving the heating gases, while the lower one receives the goods upon carriers, capable of running through the lower compartment of the kiln chamber, and an inspecting chamber. beneath the lower compartment of the kiln chamber, substantially as described.

4t. A tunnel kiln especially for baking clay, porcelain and glazed wares in uninterrupted working, the combination of supporting walls of the kiln chamber channels filled with sand mounted on the supporting walls, slabs, forming partitions, said'slabs dipping with their edges into the channels and dividing the kiln chamber into two compartments, the upper one receiving the heat,- -iug gases,vwhile the loweroue receives the goods upon carriers, capable of running through the lower compartment of thelkiln chamber, balls upon which said carriers are mounted, and an inspecting chamber beneath the lower con'ipartment of the kiln chamber, substantially as described.

5. In a tunnel kiln especially for baking clay,.porcelain and glazed wares in uninterrupted working, the combination of su porting walls of the kiln chamber, channe s filled with sand mounted on thev supporting walls, slabs, forming partitions, said' slabs dipping with their edges into the channels and dividing the kiln chamber into two compa rtments, the upper one receiving theheating gases, while the lower one receivesgthe goods upon' carriers, capable of' ...running through the lower (,:ompartment of the kiln chamber', substantially as described.

tion, comprising a. kiln chamber having a 6. A tunnel kiln `for uninterrupted fopera-v tracks extending rou `h said passage, carriers for the wares to e subjected to heat,-

adapted to travel inopposite directions upon said tracks, whereby an interchange of heat is efectedbetween the outgoing and incoming Wars, and removable slabs and inter mediate walls Supported upon columns within the kiln chamber and separating said chamber into a lower heating compartment and upper combustion*compartments` 7 A tunnel kiln for uninterrupted operation, comprising a kiln chamber ,havin a continuous passage therethrough., para lel tracks extending throu h said passage,`car rers for the wares to e subjected to heat,

adapted to travel opposite' directions upon said tracks, ft/hereby an interchange of heat is effected between the outgoing and incoming wares, removable slabs and intermediate walls supported upon columns within the kiln chamber and separating said chamber into a lower heating compartment and upper combustion compartments and air passages situated abovev said combustion parallel.

compartments and connected at their ends alternately to cause the air to follow a tortuous path, and means for conveying the heated air to the combustion compartments.

8. Atunnel kiln for uninterrupted operation, comprising supporting Walls for the kiln chamber, a continuous assage through the chamber, slabs having epending edges or flanges and forming an intermediate ceiling to -divide the chamber into' a heating, p compartment and combustion compartments,

air passages situated above and extending over the combustion compartments for conveying heated air to support combustion, and air-ducts leading to said air passages, said air-ducts and said lues bein contiguous in the kiln walls to permit o an interchange of heat.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto signed my name to this specification in the presence of two s bscribin Witnesses.V SYLVAINQVINCA T-MOUZIN. Witnesses:

G. 0. WEAVER,

GREGORY PHELAN. 

